How to Become a Labor and Delivery Nurse

Labor and delivery nurses play a vital role in one of the most critical moments of human life—the birth of a child. These registered nurses (RNs) work alongside obstetricians, midwives, anesthesiologists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure the safety and well-being of both mother and baby during childbirth. If you're drawn to high-impact, high-responsibility nursing work, this career path offers both purpose and professional stability.

Here is a clear, step-by-step guide to becoming a labor and delivery nurse.

1. Complete a High School Diploma or GED

Before entering nursing school, candidates must earn a high school diploma or equivalent. Students are encouraged to focus on science-related courses such as biology, chemistry, and anatomy to build a solid foundation for their nursing education.

2. Enroll in a Nursing Program

To become a registered nurse, you must complete an accredited nursing program. There are two primary academic paths:

• Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) – Typically completed in two years.
• Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) – A four-year program preferred by many employers and often required for advancement.

A BSN offers broader clinical training, leadership development, and better long-term job prospects.

3. Pass the NCLEX-RN Licensing Exam

After completing a nursing program, graduates must pass the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN). This standardized exam evaluates a candidate's readiness to practice safely and effectively as an entry-level nurse.

Once you pass the NCLEX-RN, you are officially a licensed RN and eligible to practice in your state.

4. Gain Clinical Experience

Most labor and delivery positions require prior nursing experience. Many new RNs begin in general medical-surgical units, women’s health, or mother-baby care to develop the clinical skills and confidence needed for obstetrics.

Hands-on experience in fast-paced or high-pressure environments is especially valuable.

5. Apply for Labor and Delivery Nurse Positions

Once you have your RN license and foundational experience, you can apply for labor and delivery roles at:

• Hospitals (especially in maternity units or birthing centers)
• Women's health clinics
• Specialized OB-GYN departments

Many hospitals offer on-the-job training for new labor and delivery nurses, including how to monitor fetal heart rates, assist with deliveries, and support patients during postpartum recovery.

6. Consider Certification in Obstetric Nursing (Optional but Recommended)

Although not required, certification can demonstrate expertise and commitment to the field. The Inpatient Obstetric Nursing (RNC-OB) certification, offered by the National Certification Corporation (NCC), is one of the most respected credentials in this specialty.

Other relevant certifications include:

• Electronic Fetal Monitoring (C-EFM)
• Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP)

These credentials may increase your competitiveness for advanced roles or specialized units such as high-risk obstetrics.

Core Skills and Traits of Successful Labor and Delivery Nurses

This specialty demands more than clinical knowledge. Effective labor and delivery nurses typically possess:

• Strong communication and teamwork skills
• Emotional resilience and empathy
• The ability to stay calm during emergencies
• A patient-centered approach to care

They are often responsible for educating patients, managing pain interventions, assisting with emergency procedures, and serving as advocates for both mother and infant.

Career Outlook and Salary

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, employment for registered nurses is projected to grow 6% from 2023 to 2033. Labor and delivery nurses, especially those with certifications and advanced training, are in demand nationwide.

As of May 2024, the median annual wage for registered nurses in the United States was $93,600. This means half of all RNs earned more than that amount, while the other half earned less.

• The lowest 10% of earners made less than $66,030.
• The highest 10% earned more than $135,320.

Median Annual Wages by Industry:

Registered nurses work across various sectors, and salaries can vary depending on the work setting. Here are the median annual wages in top industries:

• Government – $106,480
• Hospitals (state, local, and private) – $97,260
• Ambulatory healthcare services – $83,780
• Nursing and residential care facilities – $81,820
• Educational services (state, local, and private) – $74,360

Work Schedules:

Work hours for nurses depend on the healthcare setting:

♦ Hospital and nursing facility nurses often work rotating shifts, including nights, weekends, and holidays, to ensure 24/7 patient care. Many are also on call, meaning they must be available to report to work on short notice.

♦ Nurses in offices, schools, and similar settings typically have standard weekday hours, as these environments do not require round-the-clock care.

Final Thoughts

Becoming a labor and delivery nurse requires a strong educational foundation, clinical experience, and a deep commitment to patient care. For those who thrive in high-stakes environments and are passionate about women’s health, this career offers both emotional fulfillment and long-term professional growth.